Conversion of Credits and Grades for Recognition
How are academic achievements earned abroad converted at the TUM School of Computation, Information and Technology (CIT) as part of the recognition process? For this purpose, a subject committee has developed the following recommendations for converting foreign grades and credits for students of the CIT. It is intended to ensure a fair, transparent, and CIT-wide uniform conversion.
General Information
- Conversion tables from other universities are not valid at the TUM School of CIT.
- The conversion information listed below applies only to students of the CIT.
- We kindly ask you to refrain from sending suggestions for changes or improvements by email.
- The information is provided without guarantee; no legal claim can be derived from it.
- No claim is made regarding completeness; the tables are continuously being expanded. Please refrain from inquiries about universities that are not yet listed at this time.
- The information is provided by country. If there are different procedures at selected universities within a country, these are listed separately.
Grade Conversion
The conversion of grades is carried out using the so-called “modified Bavarian formula”. The grade for TUM is calculated based on the best grade (maximum grade), the lowest passing grade, and the individual grade achieved at the university abroad.
- Letter grades are converted into numerical grades before the conversion is carried out (e.g. A = 1, B = 2, C = 3, …). Non-linear grading systems are linearized before applying the Bavarian formula (e.g. Danish system: 12 = 1, 10 = 2, 7 = 3, etc.).
- The best grade used in the list may differ from the best grade specified by the foreign university.
- If there are only 2–3 passing grades at the external university, students may submit an additional official confirmation with a more detailed evaluation, which will then be used as the basis for the conversion (points, percentages, etc.). These documents must be submitted together with the application; submission at a later stage is not possible.
- If multiple grading systems exist for a university, the local or national grading system is used rather than the ECTS grading system.
Credit Conversion
Credits, so-called credit points, are used to quantify the required learning scope based on defined learning objectives and the associated workload, measured in hours. The European Union uses the European Credit Transfer System (ECTS); therefore, no conversion is necessary. For full-time studies, 30 ECTS per semester are assumed.
Credits from non-European countries are converted into ECTS using the conversion factors applicable to the TUM School of CIT, which you can find below:
ECTS = Number of credits from abroad * conversion factor
If fractions of ECTS arise during the conversion, they are generally rounded up.
| Country | University | Best Grade/Maximum Grade | Lowest Passing Grade | Course Level (Bachelor = B, Master = M) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Belgium | 20 | 10 | B,M | ||
| Denmark¹ | 12 | 2 | B,M | ||
| Estonia | 5 | 1 | B,M | ||
| Finland | 5 | 1 | B,M | ||
| France | 18 | 10 | B,M | ||
| France Grand Ecoles | 16 | 10 | B,M | ||
| France Ecole Polytechnique | A (≙ 1) | D (≙ 4) | B | ||
| France Ecole Polytechnique | A (≙ 1) | C (≙ 3) | M | ||
| Greece | 10 | 5 | B,M | ||
| Ireland | 85 | 40 | B | ||
| Ireland | University College Dublin, National University of Ireland | A+ (≙ 1) | D- (≙ 12) | ||
| Island | 10 | 5 | B,M | ||
| Italy | 30L/30 (≙ 1) | 18 (≙ 13) | B,M | ||
| Netherlands | 9 | 6 | B,M | ||
| Netherlands | University of Amsterdam | 9 | 5,5 | B,M | |
| Norway | A (≙ 1) | E (≙ 5) | B,M | ||
| Austria | 1 | 4 | B,M | ||
| Portugal | 19 | 10 | B,M | ||
| Poland | 5,5 | 3 | B,M | ||
| Poland | Politechnika Wroclawska | 5,0 | 3 | B,M | |
| Russia² | 5 | 3 | B,M | ||
| Russia | National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE) | 10 | 4 | B | |
| Sweden | 5, A (≙ 1), VG (≙ 1) | 3, E (≙ 5), G (≙ 2) | B,M | ||
| Switzerland | 6 | 4 | B,M | ||
| Spain | 9,5 | 5 | B,M | ||
| Czechia | Univerzita Karlova v Praze / Charles University (CU) | excellent (≙ 1) | good (≙ 3) | B,M | |
| Czechia | Ceské Vysoké Uceni Technické v Praze / Czech Technical University in Prague (CTU) | excellent (A) (≙ 1) | sufficient (E) (≙ 5) | B,M | |
| Turkey | AA (≙ 1) | DD (≙ 7) | B | ||
| Turkey | AA (≙ 1) | CC (≙ 5) | M | ||
| Turkey | Koç University | A+/A (≙ 1) | D (≙ 10) | B,M | |
| Ukraine | 100 | 60 | B,M | ||
| Ukraine | National Technical University of Ukraine "Kyiv Polytechnic Institute" | 97,5 | 60 | M | |
| Ukraine | Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv | 95 | 60 | M | |
| Ukraine | V.N. Karasin Nationale Universität Charkiw (Nationale Wassyl-Karasin-Universität Charkiw) | 95 | 50 | B | |
| Hungary | 5 | 2 | B,M | ||
| United Kingdom³ | 85% | 40% | B | ||
| United Kingdom³ | 85% | 50% | M | ||
| Country | University | Best Grade/Maximum Grade | Lowest Passing Grade | Conversion Factor | Course Level (Bachelor = B, Master = M) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Israel | Hebrew University of Jerusalem | 97,5 | 60 | 100/66 | B,M |
| Israel | Israel Institute of Technology - Technion | 100 | 55 | 30/18 | B,M |
| Israel | Tel Aviv University | 97,5 | 60 | 2 | B |
| Israel | Tel Aviv University | 97,5 | 60 | 3,75 | M |
| Morocco | Al Akhawayn University | A+/A (≙ 1) | D (≙ 10) | 30/17 | B |
| Morocco | Al Akhawayn University | A+/A (≙ 1) | C- (≙ 8) | 30/17 | M |
| South Africa | Stellenbosch University | 87,5 | 50 | 1/2 | B,M |
| Country | University | Best Grade/Maximum Grade | Lowest Passing Grade | Conversion Factor | Course Level (Bachelor = B, Master = M) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Argentina | Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires (ITBA) | 10 | 4 | 30/12 | B,M |
| Brazil | UNICAMP | 10 | 5 | 45/16 | M |
| Brazil | Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina | 10 | 6 | 2/36 | B,M |
| Brazil | Universidade de São Paulo (USP) | 10 | 5 | 30/16 | B |
| Brazil | Universidade de São Paulo (USP) | A (≙ 1) | C (≙ 3) | 30/12 | M |
| Chile | Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (UC) | 7 | 4 | 30/50 | B,M |
| Chile | Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso | 7 | 4 | 3/2 | B,M |
| Chile | Universidad de Concepción | 7 | 4 | 1 | B |
| Chile | Universidad de Concepción | 7 | 5 | 1 | M |
| Chile | Universidad Técnica Federico Santa Maria | 100 | 55 | 1 | B,M |
| Costa Rica | Tecnológico de Costa Rica | 100 | 70 | 3/2 | B,M |
| Colombia | Universidad de Antioquia | 5 | 3 | 30/14,8 | B |
| Colombia | Universidad Nacional de Colombia (UNdC) | 5 | 3 | 30/16 | B,M |
| Mexico | Centro de Investigación en Matemáticas (CIMAT) | 10 | 7 | 120/126 | M |
| Mexico | Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey (ITESM) | 100 | 70 | 30/18 | B |
| Mexico | Universidad de las Américas Puebla (UDLAP) | 10 | 7,5 | 1 | B |
| Mexico | Universidad de las Américas Puebla (UDLAP) | 10 | 8 | 1 | M |
| Mexico | Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) | 10 | 6 | 90/70 | M |
| Country | University | Best Grade/Maximum Grade | Lowest Passing Grade | Conversion Factor | Course Level (Bachelor = B, Master = M) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Australia | Australian National University (ANU) | 90 | 50 | 30/24 | B,M |
| Australia | Queensland University of Technology | 92,5 oder 7 | 50 oder 4 | 60/96 | B,M |
| Australia | RMIT University (Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology) | 90 | 50 | 60/96 | B,M |
| Australia | Swinburne University of Technology | 90 | 50 | 30/50 (Credit), 15/2 (Unit) | B,M |
| Australia | University of Queensland | 7 | 4 | 30/8 | B,M |
| Australia | University of Adelaide | 92,5 | 50 | 30/12 | B,M |
| Australia | University of Melbourne | 90 | 50 | 30/50 | B,M |
| Australia | University of New South Wales | 92,5 | 50 | 60/48 | B,M |
| Australia | University of the Sunshine Coast | 92,5 | 50 | 30/48 | B,M |
| Australia | University of Sydney | 92,5 | 50 | 30/24 | B,M |
| Australia | University of Technology Sydney | 92,5 | 50 | 30/24 | B,M |
| Australia | University of Wollongong | 92,5 | 50 | 30/24 | B,M |
| New Zealand | The University of Auckland | 95 | 50 | 60/120 | B,M |
| New Zealand | The University of Waikato | 95 | 50 | 60/120 | B,M |
| New Zealand | Victoria University of Wellington | 95 | 50 | 60/120 | B |
| New Zealand | Victoria University of Wellington | 95 | 50 | 60/180 | M |
| Country | University | Best Grade/Maximum Grade | Lowest Passing Grade | Conversion Factor | Course Level (Bachelor = B, Master = M) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Canada | Bishop's University | A+ (≙ 1) | D- (≙ 12) | 2 | B |
| Canada | Concordia University | A+ (≙ 1) | D- (≙ 12) | 2 | B |
| Canada | Concordia University | A+ (≙ 1) | C (≙ 8) | 120/45 | M |
| Canada | École de Technologie Supérieure | A+ (≙ 1) | D (≙ 11) | 2 (800er-Kurse: 3) | B,M |
| Canada | McGill University | A (≙ 1) | D (≙ 8) | 2 | B |
| Canada | McGill University | A (≙ 1) | B- (≙ 5) | 2 | M |
| Canada | Université de Montréal | A+ (≙ 1) | D (≙ 11) | 2 | B |
| Canada | Université de Montréal | A+ (≙ 1) | C (≙ 8) | 10/3 | M |
| Canada | Université de Sherbrooke | A+ (≙ 1) | D (≙ 11) | 2 | B,M |
| Canada | Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières | A+ (≙ 1) | D (≙ 11) | 2 | B |
| Canada | Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières | A+ (≙ 1) | D (≙ 11) | 120/45 | M |
| Canada | Université Laval | A+ (≙ 1) | D (≙ 11) | 2 | B |
| Canada | Université Laval | A+ (≙ 1) | C (≙ 8) | 60/45 | M |
| Canada | University of Alberta | A+/A (≙ 1) | D (≙ 10) | 2 | B |
| Canada | University of Alberta | A+/A (≙ 1) | C+ (≙ 6) | 4 | M |
| Canada | University of British Columbia | A+ (≙ 1) | D (≙ 10) | 2 | B |
| Canada | University of British Columbia | A+ (≙ 1) | C (≙ 8) | 4 | M |
| Canada | University of Toronto | A+/A (≙ 1) | D- (≙ 11) | 30/2,5 | B |
| Canada | University of Toronto | A+/A (≙ 1) | B- (≙ 5) | 20 | M |
| Canada | University of Victoria | A+ (≙ 1) | D (≙ 9) | 4 | B |
| Canada | University of Victoria | A+ (≙ 1) | B (≙ 5) | 8 | M |
| Canada | University of Waterloo | 95% | 50% | 12 | B |
| Canada | University of Waterloo | 95% | 60% | 20 | M |
| Canada | Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM) | A+ (≙ 1) | D (≙ 11) | 2 | B |
| Canada | Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM) | A+ (≙ 1) | D (≙ 11) | 60/45 | M |
| Canada | Vancouver Island University | A+ (≙ 1) | D (≙ 10) | 2 | B |
| Canada | Vancouver Island University | A+ (≙ 1) | D (≙ 10) | 30/9 | M |
| USA | Carnegie Mellon University | A (≙ 1) | D (≙ 4) | 2/3 | B |
| USA | Carnegie Mellon University | A+ (≙ 1)(A (≙ 1) für Heinz College) | D (≙ 11)(C- (≙ 8) für Heinz College) | 2/3 | M |
| USA | Georgia Institute of Technology | A (≙ 1) | D (≙ 4) | 2 | B |
| USA | Georgia Institute of Technology | A (≙ 1) | D (≙ 4) | 30/12 | M |
| USA | Harvard College | A (≙ 1) | D- (≙ 11) | 30/16 | B |
| USA | Harvard University | A (≙ 1) | D- (≙ 11) | 30/16 | M |
| USA | Oklahoma State University - Stillwater | A (≙ 1) | D (≙ 4) | 2 | B |
| USA | Princeton University | A+/A (≙ 1) | D (≙ 9) | 7,5 pro Kurs | B |
| USA | San Diego State University | A (≙ 1) | D (≙ 10) | 2 | B |
| USA | Stanford University | A+ (≙ 1) | D- (≙ 12) | 60/45 | B |
| USA | Stanford University | A+ (≙ 1) | D- (≙ 12) | 120/45 | M |
| USA | University of California, Berkeley | A+/A (≙ 1) | D- (≙ 11) | 30/15 | B |
| USA | University of California, Berkeley | A+/A (≙ 1) | D- (≙ 11) | 30/12 | M |
| USA | University of California, Davis | A+/A (≙ 1) | D- (≙ 11) | 60/45 | B |
| USA | University of California, Los Angeles | A+/A (≙ 1) | D- (≙ 11) | 60/45 | B |
| USA | University of California, Los Angeles | A+/A (≙ 1) | C- (≙ 8) | 90/11 | M |
| USA | University of California, San Diego | A+/A (≙ 1) | D (≙ 9) | 60/36 | B,M |
| USA | University of California, Santa Barbara | A+/A (≙ 1) | D- (≙ 11) | 240/180 | B |
| USA | University of Florida | A (≙ 1) | D- (≙ 11) | 2 | B |
| USA | University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign | A+/A (≙ 1) | D- (≙ 11) | 2 | B |
| USA | University of Minnesota, Twin Cities | A (≙ 1) | D (≙ 10) | 240/120 | B |
| USA | University of Pennsylvania | A+/A (≙ 1) | D (≙ 10) | 240/33 | B |
| USA | University of Pennsylvania | A+/A (≙ 1) | D (≙ 10) | 90/8 (MA), 120/10 (IN) | M |
| USA | University of Texas at Austin | A (≙ 1) | D- (≙ 11) | 2 | B |
| USA | University of Texas at Dallas | A+/A (≙ 1) | D- (≙ 11) | 2 | B |
| USA | University of Texas at Dallas | A (≙ 1) | C (≙ 7) | 120/36 | M |
| USA | University of Virginia | A+/A (≙ 1) | D- (≙ 11) | 240/120 | B |
| USA | University of Wisconsin-Madison | A (≙ 1) | D (≙ 6) | 2 | B |
| Country | University | Best Grade/Maximum Grade | Lowest Passing Grade | Conversion Factor | Course Level (Bachelor = B, Master = M) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| China (PRC) | Chinese University of Hong Kong | A (≙ 1) | D (≙ 10) | 60/27,5 | B |
| China (PRC) | Chinese University of Hong Kong | A (≙ 1) | D (≙ 10) | 60/24 | M |
| China (PRC) | City University of Hong Kong | A+ (≙ 1) | D (≙ 10) | 30/12 | B,M |
| China (PRC) | Hong Kong Baptist University | A (≙ 1) | D (≙ 9) | 45/30 | B,M |
| China (PRC) | Lanzhou University | 95% | 60% | 60/35 | B |
| China (PRC) | Peking University | 100% | 60% | 60/35 | B |
| China (PRC) | Shanghai Jiao Tong University | A+/A (≙ 1) | D (≙ 9) | 30/20 | B,M |
| China (PRC) | SJTU Global College | A+/A (≙ 1) | D (≙ 9) | 30/15 | B,M |
| China (PRC) | The Hong Kong Polytechnic University | A+ (≙ 1) | D (≙ 11) | 45/30 | B,M |
| China (PRC) | The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology | A+ (≙ 1) | D (≙ 10) | 60/30 | B |
| China (PRC) | The University of Hong Kong (HKU) | A+ (≙ 1) | D (≙ 11) | 1 | B,M |
| China (PRC) | Tsinghua University | A+/A/A- (≙ 1) | D (≙ 9) | 50/30 | B,M |
| China (PRC) | Zhejiang University | 100 | 60 | 2 | B |
| China (PRC) | Zhejiang University | 100 | 60 | 4 | M |
| India | Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore (IISc) | A+ (≙ 1) | D (≙ 6) | 60/32 | M |
| India | Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT Bombay) | AA (≙ 1) | DD (≙ 7) | 60/66,5 | B |
| India | Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT Bombay) | AA (≙ 1) | DD (≙ 7) | 60/81 | M |
| India | Indian Institute of Technology Delhi (IIT Delhi) | A (≙ 1) | D (≙ 7) | 60/30 | M |
| India | Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur (IIT Kharagpur) | A (≙ 1) | P (≙ 5) | 60/45 | B |
| India | Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras) | S (≙ 1) | E (≙ 6) | 60/108 | B |
| India | Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras) | S (≙ 1) | E (≙ 6) | 60/97 (IN), 60/102 (MA) | M |
| Indonesia | Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB) | A (≙ 1) | D (≙ 6) | 30/12 | M |
| Japan | Hokkaido University | A+ (≙ 1) | C (≙ 8) | 45/30 | B |
| Japan | Hokkaido University | AA (≙ 1) | C (≙ 4) | 45/30 | M |
| Japan | Institute of Science Tokyo (Former Tokyo Institute of Technology) | 90% | 60% | 60/31 | B |
| Japan | Institute of Science Tokyo (Former Tokyo Institute of Technology) | 90% | 60% | 90/30 | M |
| Japan | Keio University | S (≙ 1) | C (≙ 4) | 1,8 | B |
| Japan | Keio University | S (≙ 1) | C (≙ 4) | 3 | M |
| Japan | Kyushu University | S (≙ 1) | C (≙ 4) | 1/2 | B,M |
| Japan | Nagoya University | A+ (≙ 1) | C- (≙ 5) | 2 | B,M |
| Japan | Osaka University | S (≙ 1) | C (≙ 4) | 1,8 | B |
| Japan | Osaka University | S (≙ 1) | C (≙ 4) | 3 | M |
| Japan | Toyohashi University of Technology | S (≙ 1) | C (≙ 4) | 3/2 | B |
| Japan | Toyohashi University of Technology | S (≙ 1) | C (≙ 4) | 3 | M |
| Japan | Waseda University | A+ (≙ 1) | C (≙ 4) | 60/31,5 | B |
| Japan | Waseda University | A+ (≙ 1) | C (≙ 4) | 3 | M |
| Korea | EWHA Womans University | A+ (≙ 1) | D- (≙ 12) | 30/9 | B |
| Korea | EWHA Womans University | A+ (≙ 1) | D- (≙ 12) | 30/6 | M |
| Korea | Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) | A+ (≙ 1) | D- (≙ 12) | 30/17 | B |
| Korea | Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) | A+ (≙ 1) | D- (≙ 12) | 30/9 | M |
| Korea | Korea University | A+ (≙ 1) | D (≙ 8) | 240/130 | B |
| Korea | Korea University | A+ (≙ 1) | D (≙ 8) | 30/12 | M |
| Korea | Pohang University of Science and Technology | A+ (≙ 1) | D- (≙ 12) | 2 | B,M |
| Korea | Seoul National University | A+ (≙ 1) | D- (≙ 12) | 240/130 | B |
| Korea | Seoul National University | A+ (≙ 1) | D- (≙ 12) | 30/12 | M |
| Korea | Sogang University | A+ (≙ 1) | D- (≙ 12) | 2 | B |
| Korea | Sogang University | A+ (≙ 1) | D- (≙ 12) | 8/3 | M |
| Korea | Sungkyunkwan University | A+ (≙ 1) | D (≙ 8) | 1,6 | B,M |
| Korea | Yonsei University | A+ (≙ 1) | D- (≙ 12) | 30/9 | B,M |
| Lebanon | American University of Beirut | A+ (≙ 1) | D (≙ 11) | 60/35,75 | B |
| Lebanon | American University of Beirut | A+ (≙ 1) | C+ (≙ 7) | 120/30 | M |
| Malaysia | University Malaya | A+/A (≙ 1) | C (≙ 7) | 1,5 | B |
| Malaysia | University Malaya | A+/A (≙ 1) | B (≙ 4) | 1,5 | M |
| Phillippines | Ateneo de Manila University | A (≙ 1) | D (≙ 6) | 2 | B |
| Singapur | Nanyang Technological University | A+/A (≙ 1) | D (≙ 10) | 240/130 | B |
| Singapur | National University of Singapore | A+/A (≙ 1) | D (≙ 9) | 60/40 | B,M |
| Singapur | Singapore Management University | A+/A (≙ 1) | D (≙ 10) | 30/4 | B,M |
| Taiwan | National Cheng Kung University | A+ (≙ 1) | C- (≙ 9) | 2 | B |
| Taiwan | National Cheng Kung University | A+ (≙ 1) | B- (≙ 6) | 2 | M |
| Taiwan | National Taiwan University | A+ (≙ 1) | C- (≙ 9) | 2 | B |
| Taiwan | National Taiwan University | A+ (≙ 1) | B- (≙ 6) | 2 | M |
| Taiwan | National Taiwan University of Science and Technology (Taiwan Tech) | A+ (≙ 1) | C- (≙ 9) | 2 | B |
| Taiwan | National Taiwan University of Science and Technology (Taiwan Tech) | A+ (≙ 1) | B- (≙ 6) | 2 | M |
| Thailand | Asian Institute of Technology (AIT) | A (≙ 1) | C (≙ 5) | 2 | M |
| Thailand | Chulalongkorn University | A (≙ 1) | D (≙ 7) | 240/133 | B |
| Thailand | Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology | A (≙ 1) | D (≙ 7) | 240/136 | B |
| Vietnam | Hanoi University of Science and Technology | A+/A (≙ 1) | D (≙ 7) | 240/132 | B |